PCR laboratories (i.e. gene amplification laboratories), as a sophisticated base for molecular biology research, have complete infrastructure and stringent conditions, which are undoubtedly the key to ensuring a smooth experimental process and accurate results. These two aspects not only form the cornerstone of laboratory operations, but are also important driving forces for scientific research progress and innovation.

1. Infrastructure of PCR laboratory

1. Basic equipment

1>PCR instrument: used for the amplification of DNA fragments and is the core equipment of the PCR laboratory.

2>Centrifuge: including high-speed centrifuge, low-speed centrifuge and microcentrifuge, etc., used for sample separation, precipitation and purification.

3>Electrophoresis apparatus and electrophoresis tank: used for separation and detection of DNA fragments, including horizontal electrophoresis apparatus and vertical electrophoresis apparatus, etc.

4>Gel imaging system: used to observe and analyze electrophoresis results, including ultraviolet transmittance instrument and gel imager, etc.

5> Constant temperature water bath: used for temperature control experiments such as sample incubation and hybridization.

6> Refrigerators and freezers: used for sample preservation and reagent storage.

2. Sample processing equipment

1>Pipettes: including manual pipettes and electric pipettes, used for precise sampling and addition.

2>Microbalance: used to accurately weigh samples and reagents.

3>Vortex mixer: used for rapid mixing and homogenization of samples.

4>Magnetic stirrer: used for stirring and mixing of reagents.

5>Ultrasonic cleaner: used to clean experimental equipment and glassware.

3. Experimental auxiliary equipment

1>Experiment bench: used for experimental operations and placement of instruments and equipment.

2> Experimental cabinet: used to store reagents, consumables and experimental equipment.

3>Fume hood: ensure air circulation in the laboratory and reduce the accumulation of harmful gases and pollutants.

4>UV disinfection truck: used for disinfection and sterilization in laboratories.

5>Personal protective equipment: such as protective glasses, gloves and lab coats to protect experimenters from harmful substances.

4. Testing and analysis equipment

1>Nucleic acid protein analyzer: used to quantitatively detect the concentration of nucleic acids and proteins.

2>UV-visible spectrophotometer: used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of samples.

3> Fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument: used for real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR experiments, with higher sensitivity and accuracy.

4> Sequence analyzer: used for determination and analysis of DNA sequences, such as capillary electrophoresis sequencer, etc.

5. Other equipment

1>Computer and printer: used for data processing, experimental recording and report printing.

2>Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS): used for laboratory data management and quality control to improve experimental efficiency and management level.

2. Conditions for PCR laboratories

1. Laboratory standards and certification

1>Must have a standard PCR fluorescence laboratory, and the testing equipment must meet the standard PCR fluorescence laboratory setup requirements.

2> Must pass the acceptance and certification of the National Clinical Laboratory Center to ensure the standardization and authority of the laboratory.

2. Personnel requirements

1>Inspection personnel must pass the business training of the National Clinical Inspection Center and obtain a certificate of qualification, and hold the certificate to work.

2>The laboratory should have at least two staff members holding "Clinical Genetic Testing Certificates".

3. Management system and operating specifications

1>PCR laboratories must establish strict laboratory management systems, standardized operating procedures (SOPs) and a series of quality management documents.

2> Ensure that the daily operation of the laboratory complies with the requirements of the Ministry of Health, ensuring accurate test results, laboratory hygiene and safety, and long-term stable operation.

4. Environmental control

1>The laboratory should have a good ventilation system to ensure air circulation and reduce the accumulation of pollutants.

2> Environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity in the laboratory should be controlled within appropriate ranges to ensure the stability and accuracy of experimental results.

5. Sterile and dust-free operation

1>The laboratory must operate in a sterile and dust-free environment to avoid contamination problems during the experiment.

2>The laboratory should be cleaned and disinfected regularly to ensure the cleanliness of the experimental environment.

The infrastructure and conditions of a PCR laboratory are important guarantees to ensure the smooth progress of the experiment and the accuracy of the results. The laboratory should continuously improve and optimize the infrastructure configuration, improve the quality of personnel and operational skills, and strengthen the construction of management systems and environmental control to ensure the long-term stable operation of the laboratory and the smooth development of scientific research.