{"id":3008,"date":"2024-06-25T23:15:10","date_gmt":"2024-06-25T15:15:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentrons.com.cn\/?post_type=knowledge2&p=3008"},"modified":"2024-09-02T18:57:14","modified_gmt":"2024-09-02T10:57:14","slug":"opentrons-pcr-gzzzdhpcr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/opentrons.com.cn\/en\/news\/opentrons-pcr-gzzzdhpcr\/","title":{"rendered":"Opentrons PCR workstation automated PCR preparation reaction protocol"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Abstract<\/strong>The demand for PCR is increasing in the life science community. In this application note, we demonstrate that the Opentrons PCR Workstation is able to generate the expected base pair lengths of PCR amplification products compared to popular external third-party thermal cyclers. The results show that both nested PCR and multiplex PCR can produce the expected base pair length of PCR amplification products.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Introduction<\/strong>The efficiency and accuracy of complex protocols such as nested PCR and multiplex PCR are difficult to guarantee due to possible contamination, technical errors, and time constraints during sample preparation. Multiplex PCR experiments are used for GMO (genetically modified organism) detection, forensics, food analysis, mutation and polymorphism detection, gene deletion analysis, template quantification, linkage analysis and many more applications. These multiplex reactions are very efficient, producing the products of two or more amplicons in a well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nested PCR is another highly specific technique that can be used as a useful diagnostic tool for identifying pathogens in biological samples, such as periodontal pathogens in atherosclerotic plaques, metastatic breast cancer cells, and tuberculosis Unlike standard PCR, which requires only one amplification step for viral pathogens such as mycobacteria and Penicillium marneffei, nested PCR has a two-step amplification process. The PCR amplicon generated in the first PCR amplification step is used as a template for the second amplification step. These multiplex PCR experiments can be tedious and time-consuming depending on the final product. Opentrons PCR workstations automate PCR experiments, requiring only minimal manual preparation and producing consistent results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Materials and methods<\/p>\n\n\n\n Multiplex PCR Experimental Procedure<\/strong>A multiplex PCR experiment was performed using genomic DNA isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Based on previous studies, multiple locus region-specific forward and reverse genes for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (lasl, lasR, gyrB) and Staphylococcus aureus (16s rRNA, clfA, mecA, Eubacterial 16S rRNA) were designed. Primers. The expected product sizes for each well are 600, 700, and 222 bp, respectively. On the Opentrons OT-2 platform, 20 \u03bcL of multiplex PCR reaction mix was prepared in 0.1 ml 96-well fully skirted NEST plates and amplified using the on-device thermal cycler. The amplified products were analyzed by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis. At the same time, for comparative analysis, we also prepared the same experiment manually and ran it on a third-party manual thermal cycler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nested PCR Protocol<\/strong>Nested PCR is a method used to identify pathogens in biological samples isolated from lambda phages. Based on previous studies, forward and reverse multiple-site regions specific for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (lasl, lasR, gyrB) and Staphylococcus aureus (16S rRNA, clfA, mecA, Eubacterial 16S rRNA) were designed. Primer. PCR components were fed to the OT-2 platform and transferred to 0.1 ml 96-well NEST plates. DNA template is added last before mixing and automatic sealing by the Opentrons thermal cycler module. For the second amplification step, repeat this process using a 0.1 ml NEST plate, seal it and place it on a third-party thermal cycler. The amplification product of the first amplification was used as a positive control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n PCR products were analyzed by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis. All experiments were quantified using Qubit BR, and the coefficient of variation was calculated to assess the consistency of amplification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Experimental results<\/strong>Using the Opentrons thermal cycler module to conduct automated multiplex PCR experiments on the OT-2, the results were comparable to those of third-party thermal cyclers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The experimental layout of multiplex PCR adopted the method in the 2018 study by Kim et al. The sample wells are marked in green, and the negative controls are marked in blue (see Figure 1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n