{"id":748,"date":"2020-03-19T14:30:00","date_gmt":"2020-03-19T06:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opentrons.com.cn\/?p=748"},"modified":"2024-04-20T16:17:08","modified_gmt":"2024-04-20T08:17:08","slug":"7-open-hardware-projects-working-to-solve-covid-19","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/opentrons.com.cn\/zh-TW\/news\/7-open-hardware-projects-working-to-solve-covid-19\/","title":{"rendered":"\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u89e3\u6c7a COVID-19 \u554f\u984c\u7684 7 \u500b\u958b\u653e\u786c\u9ad4\u9805\u76ee"},"content":{"rendered":"<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u958b\u6e90\u786c\u9ad4\u904b\u52d5\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u4e00\u76f4\u5021\u5c0e\u7dad\u4fee\u6b0a\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u64c1\u6709\u60a8\u8cfc\u8cb7\u7684\u6280\u8853\u4ee5\u53ca\u80fd\u5920\u91cd\u65b0\u6df7\u5408\u548c\u8907\u88fd\u5c0f\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8655\u7406\u97f3\u6a02\u4e00\u6a23\u3002 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\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5e6b\u52a9\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u7522\u751f\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002 \u7531\u60a8\u6216\u60a8\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u505a\u51fa\u6b64\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u8a71\u96d6\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e00\u4e0b\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6216\u6b63\u5728\u958b\u767c\u7684\u5c08\u6848\uff08\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5feb\u5373\u53ef\u90e8\u7f72\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5c0d\u6297 COVID-19 \u7684 7 \u500b\u958b\u653e\u786c\u9ad4\u9805\u76ee<\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} -->\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"opentrons\">open TR ONS<\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Opentrons \u7684\u958b\u6e90\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u5e73\u53f0\u7531\u4e00\u5957\u958b\u6e90\u786c\u9ad4\u3001\u7d93\u904e\u9a57\u8b49\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u5668\u5177\u3001\u8017\u6750\u3001\u8a66\u5291\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u7d44\u6210\u3002 Opentrons \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5176\u7522\u54c1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u5927\u5e45\u64f4\u5927 COVID-19 \u6e2c\u8a66\u898f\u6a21\uff0c\u5176\u4fc2\u7d71\u53ef\u4ee5\u300c\u5728\u4e0b\u8a02\u55ae\u5f8c\u7684\u5e7e\u5929\u5167\u6bcf\u5929\u81ea\u52d5\u57f7\u884c\u591a\u9054 2,400 \u9805\u6e2c\u8a66\u300d\u3002 \u5b83\u8a08\u5283\u5728 7 \u6708 1 \u65e5\u4e4b\u524d\u5c07\u6e2c\u8a66\u6a23\u672c\u6578\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u5230 100 \u842c\u500b\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/opensource.com\/sites\/default\/files\/uploads\/opentrons.png\" alt=\"Opentrons roadmap graphic\" title=\"Opentrons roadmap graphic\"><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u8a72\u516c\u53f8\u5df2\u7d93\u8207\u806f\u90a6\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u6a5f\u69cb\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u5b9a\u5176\u4fc2\u7d71\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7dca\u6025\u4f7f\u7528\u6388\u6b0a\u4e0b\u7528\u65bc\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a3a\u65b7\u3002 Opentrons \u5728 Apache 2.0 \u6388\u6b0a\u4e0b\u5171\u7528\u3002 \u6211\u9996\u5148\u5f9e\u53c3\u8207\u8a72\u8a08\u756b\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u6c40\u00b7\u57c3\u5229\u65af (Kristin Ellis) \u90a3\u88e1\u5f97\u77e5\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"fontSize\":\"medium\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>\u67f4\u958b\u653e qPCR<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Chai \u7684\u958b\u653e\u5f0f qPCR \u8a2d\u5099\u4f7f\u7528\u805a\u5408\u9176\u93c8\u53cd\u61c9 (PCR) \u5feb\u901f\u6e2c\u8a66\u8868\u9762\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u9580\u628a\u624b\u548c\u96fb\u68af\u6309\u9215\uff09\u7684\u62ed\u5b50\uff0c\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u6709\u65b0\u578b\u51a0\u72c0\u75c5\u6bd2\u3002 \u6b64\u958b\u6e90\u786c\u9ad4\u5728 Apache 2.0 \u8a31\u53ef\u8b49\u4e0b\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 BeagleBone \u4f4e\u529f\u8017 Linux \u96fb\u8166\u3002 \u4f86\u81ea Chai Open qPCR \u7684\u6578\u64da\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f\u3001\u516c\u6c11\u548c\u5546\u696d\u9818\u8896\u5c31\u6e05\u6f54\u3001\u7de9\u89e3\u3001\u8a2d\u65bd\u95dc\u9589\u3001\u63a5\u89f8\u8005\u8ffd\u8e64\u548c\u6aa2\u6e2c\u505a\u51fa\u66f4\u660e\u667a\u7684\u6c7a\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} -->\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"openpcr\">open PCR<\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>OpenPCR \u662f\u7531 Chai Open qPCR \u7684\u5275\u8fa6\u4eba Josh Perfetto \u548c Jessie Ho \u958b\u767c\u7684 PCR \u6e2c\u8a66\u8a2d\u5099\u5957\u4ef6\u3002 \u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5c08\u6848\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u9019\u66f4\u50cf\u662f DIY \u958b\u6e90\u8a2d\u5099\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7528\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u74b0\u5883\u6e2c\u8a66\u4f86\u8b58\u5225\u73fe\u5834\u7684\u51a0\u72c0\u75c5\u6bd2\u3002 \u6b63\u5982\u5c08\u6848\u9801\u9762\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u300c\u80fd\u5920\u6aa2\u6e2c\u9019\u4e9b\u75c5\u539f\u9ad4\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u5373\u6642PCR \u6a5f\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u905430,000 \u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u73fe\u5834\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u300d \u7531\u65bcOpenPCR \u662f\u7528\u6236\u69cb\u5efa\u7684\u5957\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e26\u5728GPLv3.0 \u8a31\u53ef\u4e0b\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8a72\u8a2d\u5099\u65e8\u5728\u5be6\u73fe\u5206\u5b50\u8a3a\u65b7\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"width\":\"372px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"align\":\"center\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/opensource.com\/sites\/default\/files\/uploads\/openpcr.png\" alt=\"OpenPCR\" style=\"width:372px;height:auto\" title=\"OpenPCR\"><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4efb\u4f55\u512a\u79c0\u7684\u958b\u6e90\u5c08\u6848\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u884d\u751f\u5c08\u6848\uff01 \u745e\u58eb GaudiLabs \u7684 WildOpenPCR \u4e5f\u5728 GPLv3.0 \u8a31\u53ef\u4e0b\u5171\u4eab\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} -->\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pocketpcr\">pocket PCR<\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Gaudi Labs \u7684 PocketPCR \u71b1\u5faa\u74b0\u5100\u7528\u65bc\u900f\u904e\u5347\u9ad8\u548c\u964d\u4f4e\u5c0f\u8a66\u7ba1\u4e2d\u6db2\u9ad4\u7684\u6eab\u5ea6\u4f86\u6fc0\u6d3b\u751f\u7269\u53cd\u61c9\u3002 \u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u7c21\u55ae\u7684 USB \u96fb\u6e90\u8f49\u63a5\u5668\u4f9b\u96fb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9023\u63a5\u5230\u8a2d\u5099\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u55ae\u7368\u4f9b\u96fb\uff0c\u4e26\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u96fb\u8166\u6216\u667a\u6167\u578b\u624b\u6a5f\u7684\u9810\u8a2d\u53c3\u6578\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"width\":\"419px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"align\":\"center\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/opensource.com\/sites\/default\/files\/uploads\/pocketpcr.png\" alt=\"PocketPCR\" style=\"width:419px;height:auto\" title=\"PocketPCR\"><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u8207\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u5176\u4ed6 PCR \u9078\u9805\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u8a72\u8a2d\u5099\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u51a0\u72c0\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u6e2c\u8a66\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5176\u9805\u76ee\u9801\u9762\u6c92\u6709\u660e\u78ba\u8aaa\u660e\u3002 PocketPCR \u5728 GPLv3.0 \u8a31\u53ef\u4e0b\u5171\u4eab\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} -->\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"open-lung-low-resource-ventilator\">\u958b\u80ba\u4f4e\u8cc7\u6e90\u547c\u5438\u6a5f<\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u958b\u80ba\u4f4e\u8cc7\u6e90\u547c\u5438\u6a5f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5feb\u901f\u90e8\u7f72\u547c\u5438\u6a5f\uff0c\u63a1\u7528\u888b\u95a5\u9762\u7f69 (BVM)\uff08\u4e5f\u7a31\u70ba Ambu \u888b\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u7d44\u4ef6\u3002 Ambu \u888b\u53ef\u5927\u91cf\u751f\u7522\u3001\u7d93\u904e\u8a8d\u8b49\u3001\u9ad4\u7a4d\u5c0f\u3001\u6a5f\u68b0\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u5c0e\u7ba1\u548c\u9eb5\u7f69\u3002 OPEN LUNG \u547c\u5438\u5668\u5c07\u4f7f\u7528\u5fae\u96fb\u5b50\u6280\u8853\u4f86\u611f\u61c9\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u6c23\u58d3\u548c\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u5be6\u73fe\u534a\u81ea\u4e3b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"width\":\"444px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"align\":\"center\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/opensource.com\/sites\/default\/files\/uploads\/open-lung.png\" alt=\"Open Lung ventilator\" style=\"width:444px;height:auto\" title=\"Open Lung\"><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u65e9\u671f\u8a08\u756b\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u652f\u7531\u6578\u767e\u540d\u8ca2\u737b\u8005\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u5927\u578b\u5718\u968a\uff0c\u7531 Colin Keogh\u3001David Pollard\u3001Connall Laverty \u548c Gui Calavanti \u9818\u5c0e\u3002 \u5b83\u662f\u5728 GPLv3.0 \u8a31\u53ef\u4e0b\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} -->\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pandemic-ventilator\">\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u547c\u5438\u6a5f<\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Pandemic \u547c\u5438\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e DIY \u547c\u5438\u5668\u539f\u578b\u3002 \u8207 RepRap \u5c08\u6848\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u786c\u9ad4\u5143\u4ef6\u3002 \u8a72\u5c08\u6848\u7531\u7528\u6236 Panvent \u5341\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u4e0a\u50b3\u5230 Instructables\uff0c\u88fd\u4f5c\u904e\u7a0b\u6709\u516d\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u6b65\u9a5f\u3002 \u8a72\u5c08\u6848\u662f\u5728 CC BY-NC-SA \u8a31\u53ef\u4e0b\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u3002 \u5f71\u7247\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} -->\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"folding-at-home\">\u5728\u5bb6\u6298\u758a<\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Folding at Home \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u65bc\u6a21\u64ec\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u8a08\u7b97\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u6298\u758a\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u8207\u5404\u7a2e\u75be\u75c5\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u3002 \u9019\u662f\u5c0d\u516c\u6c11\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u548c\u5fd7\u5de5\u7684\u865f\u53ec\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u5bb6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u96fb\u8166\u4f86\u5e6b\u52a9\u904b\u884c\u6a21\u64ec\uff0c\u985e\u4f3c\u65bc\u5df2\u9000\u5f79\u7684 SETI@Home \u8a08\u756b\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u60a8\u662f\u6280\u8853\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u786c\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u300c\u5728\u5bb6\u6298\u758a\u300d\u5c31\u9069\u5408\u60a8\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"width\":\"381px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"align\":\"center\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/opensource.com\/sites\/default\/files\/uploads\/foldingathome.png\" alt=\"Markov state model\" style=\"width:381px;height:auto\" title=\"Markov state model\"><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Folding at Home \u4f7f\u7528\u99ac\u53ef\u592b\u72c0\u614b\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u5982\u4e0a\u5716\uff09\u4f86\u6a21\u64ec\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u53ef\u80fd\u63a1\u53d6\u7684\u5f62\u72c0\u548c\u6298\u758a\u9014\u5f91\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c0b\u627e\u65b0\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u6a5f\u6703\u3002 \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u83ef\u76db\u9813\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6 Greg Bowman \u7684\u5e16\u5b50\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u6709\u95dc\u8a72\u9805\u76ee\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u8a72\u9805\u76ee\u5982\u4f55\u904b\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u8a72\u8a08\u756b\u7531\u4f86\u81ea\u8a31\u591a\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u3001\u8ca2\u737b\u8005\u548c\u4f01\u696d\u8d0a\u52a9\u5546\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9999\u6e2f\u3001\u514b\u7f85\u57c3\u897f\u4e9e\u3001\u745e\u5178\u548c\u7f8e\u570b\u3002 Folding at Home \u5728 GitHub \u4e0a\u4ee5 GPL \u548c\u5c08\u6709\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u65b9\u5f0f\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u662f\u9069\u7528\u65bc Windows\u3001macOS \u548c GNU\/Linux\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 Debian\u3001Ubuntu\u3001Mint\u3001RHEL\u3001CentOS\u3001Fedora\uff09\u7684\u591a\u5e73\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"other-interesting-projects\">\u8a31\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u9805\u76ee<\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u9805\u76ee\u53ea\u662f\u958b\u653e\u786c\u9ad4\u9818\u57df\u89e3\u6c7a\u6216\u6cbb\u7642 COVID-19 \u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u5728\u7814\u7a76\u672c\u6587\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u503c\u5f97\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul><!-- wp:list-item 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